Joseph Pease (22 June 1799 – 8 February 1872) was involved in the early railway system in the UK and was the first Quaker elected to Parliament.[1]
Contents |
Pease joined his father Edward and other members of the Pease family in starting the Stockton and Darlington Railway Company. In 1826 Pease married Emma Gurney, daughter of Joseph Gurney of Norwich. They had sixteen children, amongst them Arthur Pease (1837-1898). Pease's ninth child, Elizabeth Lucy, married the agricultural engineer and inventor, John Fowler, a pioneer in the application of steam power to agriculture.
In 1829 Pease was managing the Stockton and Darlington Railway in place of his father. In 1830 he bought so many of the collieries in his area that he became the largest owner of collieries in South Durham. That same year Pease, Joseph Gurney, and some other Quaker businessmen bought a large tract of land at Middlesbrough. They turned it into a port for exporting coal. In December 1830 a new railway line was opened on the Stockton and Darlington to Middlesbrough to get Pease's coal there.
In 1832 Pease was elected as a Member of Parliament for South Durham. As a Quaker, he was not immediately allowed to take his seat, because he would not take the oath of office. A special committee considered the question and decided that Pease could affirm, rather than swear, and he was accepted into the membership of the Parliament. He was also unusual in that, like most Quakers of the day, he refused to remove his hat as he entered the House of Commons.
Pease supported the Whig governments of Earl Grey and Lord Melbourne. He joined Thomas Fowell Buxton in the anti-slavery movement. He supported the removal of bishops from the House of Lords. He was also in favour of shorter Parliaments and the secret ballot. He retired from politics in 1841.
In 1860 Pease became the president of the Peace Society, a post he held until his death.
He wrote a poem in praise of Newington Academy for Girls, founded by Quaker scientist and abolitionist William Allen.
Like his father before him, he is buried at the Friends Burial Ground, Skinnergate, Darlington, County Durham.
A statue to Joseph Pease stands at the junction of High Row and Bondgate in the centre of Darlington. It was unveiled in 1875 to mark the golden jubilee of the opening of the Stockton and Darlington Railway.
| Parliament of the United Kingdom | ||
|---|---|---|
| New constituency | Member of Parliament for South Durham 1832 – 1841 With: John Bowes |
Succeeded by Lord Harry Vane John Bowes |